Audio and Video

Integrating audio and video in HTML5 allows embedding media files directly into web pages for native playback.

Learning Objectives

Using HTML5 <video> and </video> tag pairs within a web page.
Adding video controls and Saving video files.
Streaming versus downloaded video and supporting older browsers.
Using HTML5 <audio> and </audio> tag pairs.
Adding audio controls and Saving audio files.
Making audio files work with older browsers.

div element

The <div> tag defines a division or a section in an HTML document.

The <div> tag is used as a container for HTML elements which is then styled with CSS or manipulated with JavaScript.

The <div> tag is easily styled by using the class or id attribute.

Any sort of content can be put inside the <div> tag.

By default, browsers always place a line break before and after the <div> element.

span element

The <span> tag is an inline container used to mark up a part of a text, or a part of a document.

The <span> tag is easily styled by CSS or manipulated with JavaScript using the class or id attribute.

The <span> tag is much like the <div> element, but <div> is a block-level element and <span> is an inline element.

div and span

<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8" />
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
  <title>DIV Tag</title>
  <style type="text/css">
    div {
      font-family: Verdana;
      text-align: justify;
    }
    span {
      font-style: italic;
      color: red;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div>
    <p>
      The <span>div Tag</span> defines a division or a section in an HTML document.
      The div tag is used as a container in HTML elements which is then styled 
      with CSS or manipulated with JavaScript.
    </p>
    <p>
      The div tag is easily styled by using the class or id attribute. Any sort of 
      content can be put inside the div tag!
    </p>
    <p>
      Note: By default, browsers always place a line break before and after the div 
      element.
    </p>
  </div>
</body>

Multimedia

Multimedia comes in many different formats. It can be almost anything you can hear or see, like images, music, sound, videos, records, films, animations, and more.

Web pages often contain multimedia elements of different types and formats.

More about HTML multimedia in w3schools.

Video tag pair

The HTML <video> and </video> element is used to show a video on a web page.

The <source> and </source> element allows you to specify alternative video files from which the browser may choose. Using this element the browser will use the first recognized format.

The controls attribute adds video controls, like play, pause, and volume.

<body>
  <video style="width: 320px; height: 240px;" controls>
    <source src="cocomelon.mp4" type="video/mp4">
    Cocomelon Intro
  </video>
</body>

Common HTML Video formats

Format	File Extension	Description
MPEG	`.mpg`	Developed by the Moving Pictures Expert Group. The first popular video format on the web.
OGG	`.ogg`	Theora Ogg. Developed by the Xiph.org Foundation.
WEBM	`.webm`	Developed by Mozilla, Opera, Adobe, and Google.
MP4	`.mp4`	Commonly used in video cameras and TV hardware. Supported by all browsers and recommended by YouTube.

Attributes

autoplay

The autoplay attribute is used to specify that the video should start playing when a web page is loaded.

<body>
  <video style="width: 320px; height: 240px;" autoplay>
    <source src="cocomelon.mp4" type="video/mp4">
    Cocomelon Intro
  </video>
</body>

muted

The muted attribute on a media element mutes the audio or video player. With the use of muted attributes, the video can be played, but without a sound.

<body>
  <video style="width: 320px; height: 240px;" autoplay muted>
    <source src="cocomelon.mp4" type="video/mp4">
    Cocomelon Intro
  </video>
</body>

The poster attribute specifies an image to be shown while the video is downloading, or until the user hits the play button. If this is not included, the first frame of the video will be used instead.

<body>
  <video style="width: 340px; height: 240px;" controls poster="media/cocomelon.jpg">
    <source src="media/cocomelon.mp4" type="video/mp4">
    <source src="media/cocomelon.ogg" type="video/ogg">
  </video>
</body>

Audio tag pairs

The HTML <audio> and </audio> elements are used to play audio on a web page.

The text between the <audio> and </audio> tags will only be displayed in browsers that do not support the <audio> element.

<body>
  <audio controls>
    <source src="pasilyo.mp3" type="audio/mp3">
    Pasilyo Intro
  <audio>
</body>

loop

The loop attribute will make the audio file play over and over again.

<body>
  <audio controls autoplay loop>
    <source src="pasilyo.mp3" type="audio/mp3">
    Pasilyo by Sun Kissed
  </audio>
</body>

Common HTML Audio formats

Format	File Extension	Description
WAV	`.wav`	Developed by IBM and Microsoft. Plays well on Windows, Macintosh, and Linux operating systems.
OGG	`.ogg`	Developed by the Xiph.org Foundaion.
MP3	`.mp3`	MP3 files are actually the sound part of MPEG files. MP3 is the most popular format for music players. Combines good compression (small files) with high quality.
MP4	`.mp4`	MP4 is a video format, but can also be used for audio.

Audio and Video

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